Syndrome De Lyell Et Syndrome De Stevens-Johnson: Étude Rétrospective De 30 Cas.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Lyell syndrome are severe bullous drug reactions that can be life-threatening. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological, etiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary data of patients hospitalized in our Dermatology Department. This is a retrospective descriptive study over a period of 10 years. All records of patients admitted to the Dermatology Department for these cutaneous adverse drug reactions were included. A total of 30 patients were recorded, with a male predominance. There were 18 cases of Lyell syndrome, 8 cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and 4 cases of overlap syndrome. The mean time to onset after drug administration was 7.5 days. The average skin area detached was 48%. Visceral involvement was frequently observed: pulmonary involvement, renal involvement, hepatic cytolysis and hematological involvement. The notion of medication was found in all our patients, with self-medication in 23% of cases. The reason for prescription was dominated by post-surgical anticonvulsant prophylaxis. All our patients received symptomatic treatment, and corticosteroid therapy was administered in only one patient for macrophagic activation syndrome. The mortality rate was of 17%. Skin area involved, presence of renal failure or respiratory distress were the main prognostic factors.

A small proton charge radius from an electron-proton scattering experiment.

Elastic electron-proton scattering (e-p) and the spectroscopy of hydrogen atoms are the two methods traditionally used to determine the proton charge radius, rp. In 2010, a new method using muonic hydrogen atoms1 found a substantial discrepancy compared with previous results2, which became known as the 'proton radius puzzle'. Despite experimental and theoretical efforts, the puzzle remains unresolved. In fact, there is a discrepancy between the two most recent spectroscopic measurements conducted on ordinary hydrogen3,4. Here we report on the proton charge radius experiment at Jefferson Laboratory (PRad), a high-precision e-p experiment that was established after the discrepancy was identified. We used a magnetic-spectrometer-free method along with a windowless hydrogen gas target, which overcame several limitations of previous e-p experiments and enabled measurements at very small forward-scattering angles. Our result, rp = 0.831 ± 0.007stat ± 0.012syst femtometres, is smaller than the most recent high-precision e-p measurement5 and 2.7 standard deviations smaller than the average of all e-p experimental results6. The smaller rp we have now measured supports the value found by two previous muonic hydrogen experiments1,7. In addition, our finding agrees with the revised value (announced in 2019) for the Rydberg constant8-one of the most accurately evaluated fundamental constants in physics.

Measurements of Nonsinglet Moments of the Nucleon Structure Functions and Comparison to Predictions from Lattice QCD for Q

We present extractions of the nucleon nonsinglet moments utilizing new precision data on the deuteron F_{2} structure function at large Bjorken-x determined via the Rosenbluth separation technique at Jefferson Lab Experimental Hall C. These new data are combined with a complementary set of data on the proton previously measured in Hall C at similar kinematics and world datasets on the proton and deuteron at lower x measured at SLAC and CERN. The new Jefferson Lab data provide coverage of the upper third of the x range, crucial for precision determination of the higher moments. In contrast to previous extractions, these moments have been corrected for nuclear effects in the deuteron using a new global fit to the deuteron and proton data. The obtained experimental moments represent an order of magnitude improvement in precision over previous extractions using high x data. Moreover, recent exciting developments in lattice QCD calculations provide a first ever comparison of these new experimental results with calculations of moments carried out at the physical pion mass, as well as a new approach that first calculates the quark distributions directly before determining moments.

Efficacy and safety of preservative-free timolol 0.1% gel in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension in treatment-naïve patients and patients intolerant to other hypotensive medications.

GOALS: To assess the efficacy and safety of preservative-free timolol 0.1% gel in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). METHODS: In this multicenter, open-label, non-controlled clinical trial in Algeria, treatment-naïve patients with intraocular pressure (IOP)>20mmHg and<31mmHg (treatment-naïve patients, group 1) and patients with IOP controlled by current ocular monotherapy but presenting with local intolerance in at least one eye (intolerant patients; group 2) were eligible. Timolol gel was administered once daily in the morning for 84 days. The primary efficacy criteria were reduction in IOP (group 1) and maintenance of baseline IOP (group 2). RESULTS: Overall, 93 patients were included (53 in group 1, 40 in group 2). All patients in group 2 had been previously treated with preserved eye drops. In group 1, patients showed a significant reduction in IOP with mean changes in the worse eye of -10.3±3.0mmHg at D28 and -10.8±2.5mmHg at D84 (P<0.0001). In group 2, the maintenance of efficacy on IOP at D84 was satisfactory in 91.7% of patients (worse eye). Preservative-free timolol gel was well tolerated in both groups. In group 2, the overall symptom score was significantly reduced from 8.6±5.1 to 0.9±1.6 at D28 and 0.7±1.2 at D84 (P<0.0001), and the overall ocular sign score from 3.7±2.1 to 0.8±1.0 at D28 and 0.6±0.8 at D84 (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This preservative-free timolol 0.1% gel was effective in decreasing IOP in treatment-naïve patients and in controlling IOP and reducing ocular signs and symptoms in patients intolerant to their previous preserved medications.

[Recurrent postpartum pyoderma gangrenosum and fatal cardiomyopathy]. / Pyoderma gangrenosum récidivant du post-partum et cardiomyopathie fatale.

BACKGROUND: We report a case of recurrent post-partum pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) complicated by post-partum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 23-year-old woman presented with a previous medical history of aseptic abscess of the left breast in her fourth pregnancy, which developed after surgical drainage of an inflammatory ulceration treated by atraumatic topical care. During her fifth pregnancy, the patient presented a large and painful ulceration in relation to the scar of the Caesarean section, despite the introduction of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Bacteriological samples were negative. Histological examination militated in favor of PG. One week after initiation of corticosteroid therapy, the patient suddenly showed signs of heart failure. Based on trans-thoracic echocardiography PPCM was diagnosed, and the outcome was fatal. DISCUSSION: This observation raises the question of the relationship between PG and pregnancy and describes the association of PG and PPCM. PG occurs rarely during pregnancy and it may be induced by the rise in G-CSF levels found in pregnant women. The association with PPCM seen in our patient could have been due to the development of an anti-angiogenic climate at the end of pregnancy, together with inflammatory myocardial aggression linked to the PG.

[Sudden-onset bullous pemphigoid in a 12-year-old child]. / Pemphigoïde bulleuse d'installation brutale chez un enfant de 12 ans.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an acquired autoimmune disease that mainly affects the elderly. It is very rare in children. We report a sudden polymorphic case of BP in a 12-year-old child.

[Frontal fibrosing alopecia: A prospective study of 20 cases]. / Alopécie frontale fibrosante : étude prospective de 20 cas.

BACKGROUND: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a variant of lichen planopilaris predominantly affecting postmenopausal women. We report a series of 20 cases of FFA and describe the epidemiological, clinical, dermoscopic features and progress under treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted over a period of 16 months in patients seen at the dermatology department of the Hassan II University in Fez, Morocco. RESULTS: Mean patient age was 46 years. Patients were premenopausal in 65% of cases. Dermoscopic examination revealed specific signs of the disease. Skin biopsy guided by dermoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of lichen planus pilaris in its FFA variant in all cases. Immune dysfunctions and other disorders were noted in half of the cases. Various treatments had been initiated, including topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus ointment, minoxidil 2%, hydroxychloroquine, and oral finasteride. The results were satisfactory with a decline within one year. CONCLUSION: FFA is increasingly widely described in premenopausal women. Dermoscopy may be used to facilitate diagnosis, guide biopsy, evaluate treatment efficacy and establish a prognosis.

[Gas tamponade following intraoperative pneumothorax on a single lung: A case study]. / Tamponnade gazeuse suite à un pneumothorax peropératoire sur poumon unique : à propos d'un cas.

Intraoperative pneumothorax is a rare complication with a high risk of cardiorespiratory arrest by gas tamponade especially on a single lung. We report the case of a female patient aged 53 years who benefited from a left pneumonectomy on pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae. The patient presented early postoperative anemia with a left hemothorax requiring an emergency thoracotomy. In perioperative, the patient had a gas tamponade following a pneumothorax of the remaining lung, and the fate has been avoided by an exsufflation. Intraoperative pneumothorax can occur due to lesions of the tracheobronchial airway, of the brachial plexus, the placement of a central venous catheter or barotrauma. The diagnosis of pneumothorax during unipulmonary ventilation is posed by the sudden onset of hypoxia associated with increased airway pressures and hypercapnia. The immediate life-saving procedure involves fine needle exsufflation before the placement of a chest tube. Prevention involves reducing the risk of barotrauma by infusing patients with low flow volumes and the proper use of positive airway pressure, knowing that despite protective ventilation, barotraumas risk still exists.

[Predictors of prolonged ICU stay following elective adult cardiac surgery: Monocentric retrospective study on 5 and half years]. / Facteurs prédictifs de long séjour en réanimation après chirurgie cardiaque programmée de l'adulte : étude rétrospective monocentrique sur 5 ans et demi.

AIM: The aim of our study was to identify predictors for prolonged ICU stay following elective adult cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted during 5 years and a half period. Were included, patients age≥18 years old, underwent elective cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients who died within 48hours of surgery were excluded. Prolonged ICU stay was defined as stay in the ICU for 48hours or more. RESULTS: During the review period, 610 patients were included. One hundred and sixty-four patients have required a prolonged ICU stay (26.9 %). In multivariate analysis, 5 predictors were identified: ejection fraction<30 % (OR 19.991, IC 95 % [1.382-289.1], P=0.028], pulmonary hypertension (OR 2.293, IC 95 % [1.058-4.973], P=0.036), prolonged ventilation (≥12hours) (OR 4.026, IC 95 % [2.407-6.733], P<0.001). Number of blood units transfused (OR 1.568, IC 95 % [1.073-2.291], and postoperative acute renal failure (OR 2.620, IC 95 % [1.026-6.690], P=0.044]. Prolonged ICU stay is significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay (17 days vs 13 days ; P<0.001) and higher in hospital mortality (22 % vs. 3 %, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The identification of these patients at risk of prolonged ICU stay is crucial. It will aid to plan prophylactic measures to optimize their support.

[Erythema nodosum due to tinea]. / L'érythème noueux, une complication des teignes à Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

UNLABELLED: Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common clinical and pathological variant of panniculitis. A Celsus kerion is an inflammatory and suppurative tinea of the scalp. We report on a rare case of EN secondary to a kerion of the scalp. OBSERVATION: A 9-year-old child without a notable medical history, had a squamous plaque of the vertex for 15 days, which became painful and purulent. Five days after the plaque appeared, he presented with painful, hot, erythematous lesions symmetrically on the extensor surfaces of the legs and forearms. A medical examination found a fever of 38.5°C, a squamous purulent and crusty plate of the vertex (6/5cm) with pustules and a few hairs cut short, and symmetrical painful erythematous hot nodules on the anterior surfaces of the two legs and forearms. A mycological sample of the crusts of the scalp lesion confirmed the presence of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. A bacteriological sample was not taken, and a skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of EN. The results of other paraclinical investigations were normal. The diagnosis of EN secondary to an inflammatory scalp tinea was established, and our patient was prescribed an orally and locally administered antimycotic, rest, and elevation of the limbs. DISCUSSION: EN is an acute nodular hypodermitis considered a nonspecific hypersensitive reaction to various allergens. Rarely, it can occur secondary to a fungal infection of the scalp such as a kerion or even secondary to the antifungal treatment of this tinea. EN secondary to a kerion of the scalp before the beginning of antifungal treatment has been reported in the literature, with a spontaneous improvement of the EN after treatment of the tinea.